Informative Essay Sample on Malcolm X

Informative Essay Sample on Malcolm X Malcolm Little, known as Malcolm X later on in his life, was born on May 19, 1925 in Omaha, Nebraska. Earl and Louis Norton Little, his parents, worked hard to support their children of eight. Malcolm’s mother was a homemaker and his father was a Baptist minister and a supporter of the Black National leader, Marcus Garvey. As a result Malcolm’s father received many death threats from white supremacist. They were forced to move to many different places. In 1929 the Littles’ house was burned to the ground due to their strong support of African American advancement. Two years later the body of Earl Little was found mutilated lying across the towns trolley track. The police ruled it an accident but the Littles were certain that it was a member of the Black Legion. After Earl’s death Malcolm’s mother had an emotional breakdown and was sent to a mental institution. Her children were separated and sent to different foster homes. Malcolm was smart and had a dream of becoming a lawyer, but he lost his interest in school when his favorite teacher told him, â€Å"A lawyer is no realistic goal for a nigger.† Malcolm dropped out of school and spent time in Boston finding different jobs to earn money. By 1942 Malcolm was affiliated with narcotics, prostitution and gambling rings. Malcolm and his best friend Malcolm Jarvis, also known as Shorty, was arrested and convicted on burglary charges in 1946. He was sentenced to seven years in prison. Malcolm’s whole life changed. Malcolm’s brother came to visit him and told him about the Nation of Islam. He became very interested and studied the teachings of the Islam Nation. In 1952 he was paroled and devoted himself the Islam Nation. He changed his last name to X because he considered Little to be a slave name and chose X to represent his lost tribal name. Elijah Muhammad appointed Malcolm as a minister and national spokesperson for the Nation of Islam. He also allowed Malcolm to establish new mosques in cities such as Detroit, Michigan, and Harlem, New York. Malcolm used the newspapers, television, and word of mouth to spread the Muslim message to others. Malcolm had much controversy surrounding him. Even FBI agents posed as Malcolm’s bodyguard to monitor the Nation of Islam’s activities. Malcolm met Betty Shabaz and then married her in 1958. Malcolm felt betrayed when he found out that Elijah Muhammad was secretly having relations with up to six different women, some of which resulted in children. As a result Malcolm ended his relation with the Islam Nation. Malcolm founded the Muslim Mosque INC around the same time. Malcolm went on a pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia. This trip changed Malcolm’s views on the world. He quoted â€Å"blonde haired, blued eyed men I could call my brother†. Before when Malcolm was with the Nation of Islam, they felt the white man and their society worked to keep blacks from making themselves more powerful and achieving political power, economic, and social success. When he returned to the United States he taught to all the races not just to African Americans. The nation of Islam wasn’t very pleased with Malcolm after he renounced Elijah Muhammad. They had a mark of assassination on Malcolm. They tried many times but failed. They even firebombed his house with his wife and children. They all escaped with mild injuries. On February 21, 1965 at a speaking engagement in Manhattan, New York, at the Audubon Ballroom Malcolm was killed. Three gunmen rushed Malcolm onstage and shot his fifteen times at close range. Malcolm was pronounced dead on arrival. 1500 people attended his funeral. His wife had his twin daughters later on that year. The three men who murdered Malcolm were all associated with the Islam Nation and were convicted of first degree murder. Malcolm was buried at the Ferncliff Cemetery in Hartsdale, New York. You can order a custom essay, term paper, research paper, thesis or dissertation on Malcolm X topics at our professional custom essay writing service which provides students with custom papers written by highly qualified academic writers. High quality and no plagiarism guarantee! Get professional essay writing help at an affordable cost.

Are INFJs Funny Understanding This Rare Personality Type

Are INFJs Funny Understanding This Rare Personality Type SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips INFJs are the rarest of the Meyers-Briggs personality types, making up less than one percent of the population. Often known as "diplomats," INFJs are known as idealistic doers who will fight tirelessly for causes they believe in. But what does that mean for what INFJs are like day-to-day as friends, co-workers, family members, and romantic partners? Are they closed off? Are they helpful? Is an INFJ funny? Read on to find out more. The Top 5 Characteristics of INFJs INFJ stands for Introversion, Intuition, Feeling, and Judgement. INFJs are extremely rare, and have a unique combination of traits. They are both soft-spoken and willing to fight for what they believe in. Consider these top five personality traits of INFJs. #1: Extremely Private As introverts, INFJs keep their personal thoughts and feelings close to the vest. They don't trust easily, so they don't like to share about themselves until they've let someone into their inner circle. It takes INFJs a long time to truly open up to other people. #2: Determined and Passionate INFJs love a cause. They are passionate, determined fighters for what they believe in. When INFJs believe that something or someone is important, they will fight tirelessly for it. #3: Insightful INFJs are known for being able to see connections that others may not easily perceive. They can often see through deceit and have a penchant for knowing when they're being lied to. INFJs also understand emotions and make perceptive and intuitive friends, often knowing something is wrong before you do. #4: Perfectionistic INFJs believe in perfection- in business, in relationships, in friendships. They will fight to achieve great results in all aspects of their lives, but can be quick to drop people and situations if they feel that something is not working out as it should be. #5: Altruistic INFJs fight for the greater good. There's a reason why some of the most well-known humanitarians in history, including Mother Theresa and Gandhi, were INFJs. They don't want to advance themselves; they fight because they want to make the world a better place. What Are INFJs Like in Relationships? Now that we know more about what INFJs are like as people, what are they like in relationships? Are they loyal? Is an INFJ funny? Are they demanding? INFJs don't let new people into their lives easily, but once they do, they are warm, amiable companions. INFJs will fight for their friends, romantic partners, and family members tirelessly. They want to make sure their partners are happy and healthy. Is an INFJ funny? While, as introverts, INFJs don't love to be the center of attention at a party, they do like to joke around with their loved ones. In situations where they're comfortable, INFJs can even seem extroverted. The Bottom Line INFJs are loyal, caring, and intuitive companions. They love having a cause, and will fight tirelessly for people and ideas that they believe in. If you're lucky enough to know an INFJ, you're likely to have a positive, deep relationship.

4G Wireless Networks Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

4G Wireless Networks - Research Paper Example In 2001 a new technology was launched in Japan by the name of 3G which stands for third generation telecommunication. In mid 2010 the networks which were widely used for wireless transporters in U.S. were 3G. 3G networks are considered as a noteworthy development over 2G arrangements as they offer high speeds for data transfer. The improved technology offered by 4G over 3G can be compared to the High Definition TV features (diffen.com, 2011). 1. Services and application 3G is the abbreviation for 3rd generation which is a standard defined for wireless technology which allows internet browsing over wireless networks. A good example of 3G technology is EV-DO. Next is the 4G technology which is the generic abbreviation for 4th generation wireless technology which has been optimized for data transfer over wireless networks. This method provides improved speed and efficiency of data delivery. LTE technology is an instance of 4G network compatibility. The 3G and 4G networks comprise of a b road range of cellular data tools. 4G offers speed which is ten times quicker hen 3G networks and it is categorized having downstream range between 20 and 10 Mbps (Nadel, 2010). 2. Network architecture The underlying network architecture of 3G mobile network constitutes of a circuit-switched and packet-switched network. The services which are offered by this technology include wireless voice telephone, mobile TV facility, video calls and mobile internet accessibility. The underlying network architecture embedded in this technology is radio interface which is referred to as â€Å"Wideband CDMA (WCDMA), Code Divisions Multiple Access (CDMA), High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), 2000, GSM (Global System for Mobile), and some referred to as GAN (Generic Access Method)† (Nadel, 2010). 3. Data throughput CDMA2000 is a technology of 3G network which is largely utilized in North America, The data throughput which is offered by this technology is up to 14Mbits/s which has the ability to p rovide additional features like, supplementary outlets, altered inflection and the associated coding techniques, and an aptitude to recover easily from errors. The WCDMA disparate to CDMA utilizes a series of two up to around five channels. The fourth generation networks are outside the range of 3G technology which is designed at higher data rate that falls between 100Mbps to 1Gbps (netlogix.com, 2009). 4. User perceptions If we compare 3G and 4G networks it is clearly apparent that mostly 4G networks have elevated bandwidth which ranges to approximately 100Mbps. 4G networks are able to support multimedia services contrary to 3G networks. The 3G network is designed to include both circuit switched and packet switched networks. If we consider other functions of the system it can be found that 4G has emerged as a more secured and reliable 3G data transmission technology. Moreover 4G networks are recognized in providing international mobility and network scalability which is why it is widely recognized and accepted (Gobjuka, 2010). 2. Distinguish between the 4G LTE, 4G WiMax, and 4G WiBro networks 1. Download and Upload speeds 4G LTE is considered as the current advancement in the range of GSM broadband arrangement. HSPA is defined to provide uplink speeds of 11.5 Mb/s and downlink speeds having 28 Mb/s, while LTE is designed for working with data speeds in the range of downlink speed of 100 Mb/s and uplink

Confessions of an economic hitman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Confessions of an economic hitman - Essay Example Secondly I need to evaluate the economic value of this jungle in terms of how much its worth in both nominal and real value. For instance, assuming the jungle is rich in oil, then how much is that oil worth and how much does it benefit the small population in the jungle? If for instance am supposed to trash the jungle by either burning the resources, the value of $ 10 million a year in relation to the damage I will cause to the environment and the benefits I would deprive the people, in the annual analysis of the value of the jungle and its resources would be roughly more than $10 million promised and considering the welfare of the people who depend on it either directly or indirectly, and the long term analysis of the benefits; in a bigger perspective than the annual remuneration, it is not worth the price. According to the â€Å"confessions by economic hit man†, most citizens of once rich nations are sabotaged to pay recurring costs/interests of mistakes done by a few indivi duals for longer time than these individuals took to benefit from these mistake which is not fair. Question2: Do the CEOs of major oil companies know about the Economic Hit Man? Discuss why they might not and how they might look at this book. No, I don’t think they know because from his story where he is headed to shell in 2003, he is on a mission to â€Å"end a war he probably created†. This is to mean that his mission was to talk to these communities about their control of the reserves which communities were ready to die for in the name of survival of their generations. If we have to look at the operations of the CEOs of these companies they are truly in the dark on the â€Å"favors† extended to their companies by these economic hit men just to be surprised by the interests to be paid back. The fact that EHTs is a group of elite men and women who utilize the financial organizations that foment other nation’s subservient to corporatocracy, the fact that they give loans and grants for ports, pipe lines and high ways, and the fact that they demand access to precious resources such as oil reserves when economies/ these firms default on the loan grants, then it’s a true indication that the CEOs of these oil companies do not know the existence of EHMs and/or these EHMs use unclear paths to camouflage their activities and existence thus making it hard for recognition. They will look at this book as the revelation of their unending financial problems because of high cost of servicing loans and grants that come with intrinsic but latent consequences. If they decide to look at this book as an insight of new opportunities, they might decide to cut the dependence on loans extended with an infrastructural motive and/or cut the supply of their output to the countries associated with EHMs. Question3: How does patriotism and religion allow â€Å"them† to get away with activities described in the book? First, they extend grants in go od favor to either governments or financial institutions in form of development assistance in which they later control the operations of the grant. For instance, when they give grants in form of loans to

Nude Woman Essay Example for Free

Nude Woman Essay Nude woman, formally known as the Venus of Willendorf is a sculpture of a female figure. It’s only 11. 1cm tall and was made from a special oolitic limestone that isn’t commonly found in the Paleolithic archeological sites of Willendorf, Austria. Similar figurines have been collected from these sites. Archaeologists’ believe that it was created between 26000 and 20000 BCE and belongs to the Gravettian culture. It was first discovered in 1908 by archaeologist Josef Szombathy, after which many similar figurines were discovered which are collectively known as the Venus figurines. (Kohen, 1946) The Venus of Willendorf can be taken as a realistic representation of an overweight woman or a perhaps a pregnant one. The figurine shows a very fat belly and buttocks. Her vulva is also clearly pronounced and shows no public hair. Her breasts are also shown to be exaggerated but don’t show any nipples. She has no visible face and her tiny forearms are folded on the upper parts of her breasts. She seems to have braided hair, or might be wearing a headdress of some sort. She seems to suggest to be looking down and doesn’t have any feet. (Kohen, 1946) If we take a closer look at the features that are defined in the sculpture, we’ll find that she is a fertility idol. Her pronounced breasts and vulva are clear indication of the fertility. Furthermore, her huge belly (possibly due to pregnancy) also suggests a strong connection to fertility. There has been some confusion regarding her not having any feet. I believe that she was made to be held in the hand. If look at the image, we will see that the hands clearly rest on the best of Venus, making it a perhaps sensuous object of that time. Reference Kohen, M. (1946). The Venus of Willendorf. Am. Imago, 3:49-60.

The Political And Econimical C :: essays research papers

The Political and Economical Causes of the American Revolution The revolution began after many years of unrest between England and the American colonies. England's taxes, tariffs and new acts, imposed greatly upon the new American people. Large tariffs were placed on non British imports. British goods were more expensive, but they did not carry the high taxes that were imposed on foreign goods so they seemed economical. However British goods were of a lower quality than the foreign goods which made them difficult to sell. Unfortunately the American people depended on England and other nations for all modern commodities because they had not yet set up factories to manufacture their own. The English took advantage of this fact in every way possible. It was their thirst for political power and domination over the American economy that sealed their fate. England passed many acts to entice the Americans into buying their goods. One of the first to be passed was the Molasses Act of 1733. This act stated that molasses coming from the French or Dutch sugar islands was to have on it a six pence tariff per gallon. Instead of encouraging people to buy British molasses this act bred dishonesty. Merchants, who distilled the molasses to make rum, claimed that the British suppliers could not meet their needs. The merchants then began bribing the customs agents to wave the tariffs. Many agents pocketed extra money that way. A man by the name of Grenville observed this and created an act, The Revenue Act, which was successful with Parliament. This act stated that the tax on molasses would decrease to a mere three pence tariff per gallon of molasses. After the instatement of this act Grenville put an end to the bribes. The next act was the Currency Act of 1764. This act stopped the colonies from manufacturing their own money for trade with the British. This act was followed by the Quartering Act of 1765. The Quartering Act forced colonies to provide troupes stationed in their area with housing accommodations. This imposed greatly on the people, soldiers stayed for months and with an extra mouth to feed and little financial aid times became rough. The Stamp Act, passed in 1765 was one of the "straws that broke the camels back". This act required that such documents as college diplomas, dice, legal documents, customs papers, playing cards, almanacs, and newspapers had to have a special government stamp that showed that they had been properly taxed.

“How Does Boey Kim Cheng Powerfully Convey His Attitude to the Planners in the Poem?” Essay

The Planners is a poem where Boey Kim Cheng describes how the planners effect the nature in a negative way. He talks about how every single thing is constructed to the point of perfection, where seeming human is a mistake. History is erased to make way for buildings made of glass and steel. Boey Kim Cheng portrays his distaste and disapproval of the planners in the poem and uses an accusatory tone to point out how they’re craving and planning for perfection. And this is shown in the first three lines of the second stanze where the poet writes â€Å"They erase the flaws, the blemishes of the past, knock off useless blocs with dental dexterity.† Their objectives of erasing the imperfections of the past is unnatural. As the mistakes we’ve made in history make us what we are today, and our imperfections are what makes us human. The use of the word ‘blemishes’ conveys something negative. Blemishes are something you usually have on your body, something people vehemently try to get rid off by using countless methods to seem attractive to another. The use of the phrase â€Å"useless blocks† is almost offensive because who are the planners to decide which parts of our history, our past are of no use? The second stanza uses and extended metaphor for the country described in the poem with teeth, words such as ‘dental dexterity’, ‘shining teeth’, ‘anaesthesia’, ‘piling’ and ‘drilling’ are used. Here, the Planners obsession with perfection is emphasized, flaws are erased, useless parts (useless teeth) are knocked off, even the ‘blemishes of the past’. The Planners here are even trying to perfect their imperfect past, a near impossible feat. ‘All gaps are plugged with gleaming gold’, wealth and prosperity is used to cover up imperfections of the country, and it is made to be perfect in every way possible, wearing ‘perfect rows of shining teeth’. However, even if everything of the present is perfect, they will not stop, even trying to alter their history.

Power in Sociology Essay

Sociology is a study of the development, structure, and functioning of human society. Sociology also studies the sophisticated connection between human behavior and individual life changes. Sociology examines by the way of social structure such as various social institutions that affect human attitudes, organizations and social categories. However, in the subject of Sociology of Work, it has combined sociology with work to improve the human behavior in the organization. According to Grint (2005), â€Å"Work occupies a substantial proportion of most people’s lives and has often been taken as a symbol of personal value†. He perceived that work will affect an activity that transforms nature which could be undertaken in social circumstance. However, power is the main topic to discuss in this essay. Power is the major explanation to the study of social society. According to J. G. March (1966 cited in Shafritz, Ott & Jang, 2005), it is not even related to organization and also among the community of decision making, business behavior, and small discussion. Meanwhile, power is not only used in the organization but theoretical able to apply in the other circumstances. However, the discussion in this essay will be critically evaluate the power that is used by those top level of the organization to control and possess to those lower level in the hierarchy. Coercive power is one of the powers that will be discussed in the argument, follow by social power and also legitimate power. This essay will include some of the theories by Weber and Marx to support the discussion of power. Bureaucracy means the top of the management holds the coordination and possession of the hierarchy and who devised a system that includes the rule and regulation to restrict the lower level subordinate in order to achieve organization goals, (Grint 2005). In the theory of Bureaucracy by Max Weber, he perceived that there are possess and control towards the lower level subordinate by the top in the organization. Weber has conceptualized of authority on bureaucracy by the sense of legitimate power and it will be the center of the organization’s processes. Weber also emphasizes rationalization process that regard to work organization and also able to improve development of technological and scientific thinking. This process would remind the employees to use the most appropriate way to achieve task base on the procedures and the formalize roles. Besides, according to Shafritz, Ott & Jang (2005), â€Å"The principle of office hierarchy and the level of graded authority mean a firm ly ordered system of super and sub-ordination in which there is a supervision of the lower office by the higher ones†. It means that the hierarchy and the level of an organization had their own system of authority to supervision the employees by the top of the management. Capitalism is devised by a German philosopher named Karl Marx. It is related to the industrial sociology and labor process. Marx had mentioned that industrial society had to be compared with agrarian society and the success of human freedom eventually, but the main reason of the social formation was only caused by the capitalist pattern and not the industrial process. Marx had emphasized that capitalism is more important than industrialism because it is the only capitalism. He also argued that â€Å"human species is different from all other animal species, not because of its consciousness but because it alone produces its own means of subsistence† (Grint 2005). On the other hand, alienation and exploitation still an important part of the capitalism. The impact on Marx’s theory in the modern industrial had strictly been use in the labor process. This impact had developed a perspective with the employment relations and employee behavior in the work design and also the organization. Alienation is the relationship between human expression and labor changes, and not using labor to fulfill their needs. Marx also stated that worker are alienates from their labor because it is no longer belong to the worker, but rather to the capitalist. In the system of capitalist, the minority owns the production, where the labor power is only owned by majority (Grint, 2005). Thus, the profit of production is through a commodity market and this is called alienation of production. Exploitation is a social relation on which capitalism is built. Worker pays less of wages than what they produce. It means that the worker gets a 10 dollars wages a day, he/she must produce more than 10 dollars a day worth of value. As we know, power mostly uses to control the hierarchy by the top of the management in an organization. Power in an organization has really big skill, whoever having the higher position in the organization will obtain the possession authority to control the entire organization. According to Giddens (1979 cited in Grint 2005), he argued that too many power which had been used at the same time would cause the least of the result eventually. It means that if the organization had too many of work relationship, it would be more complicated and uncontrollable by the management. However, coercive power is one of the powers that always uses by an organization. This power generally uses in some â€Å"low trust† organization to possess their worker and employees. Due to that, coercive power is often used by the top level to direct control the lower ones. Coercive power tends to be highly prescribed procedures which the workers are ordered to follow step by step of the job. Workers are in close supervision and under surveillance by the top level along the working period. Therefore, low commitment and low trust culture would be integrated into the coercive power regulated organization. Not even that, a tightly bureaucratic structure and culture will infuse in this coercive organization. Bureaucracy management is slightly similar to coercive powers which both are using force and impersonal forces to regulate the organization. Moreover, the internalization of an organization would be affected directly to the performance and productivity of an organization. I n other words, social power means internalization; basically it is a central element in analyzing human society and the way it is organized. Based on organization point of view, the strength of social power is defined as the potential ability of A to influence to B in the organization. According to French and Raven (1959 cited in Shafritz, Ott & Jang, 2005), power of a person is measurable by the influence ability although he may choose to use lesser than it. Due to that, internalization and social power are mostly the same, they are both study about process of acceptance of a set of norms and values established by people or group which are influential to the individual through the process of socialization. However, legitimate powers occur when a leader is being selected to an authority position. It means that the leader with legitimate power has the authority to issue order which they in turn have an obligation to accept. According to French and Raven (1959 cited in Shafritz, Ott & Jang, 2005), they said that the speculation and investigation about social specified behavior has been considerable, which is particularly pr escribed to give a position. People with legitimate power are usually involved in certain title or position. The impact of this legitimate power could affect the whole organization. At the higher hierarchy management person, such as manager and Chief Executive Officer (CEO), they are the main person who makes decision in the whole organization. In term of leadership, the top management would use legitimate power to force the employee to do anything they want and complete the task. But, the down-line employees could reject the forces by their up-line manager. According to Linton (1945 cited in Shafritz, Ott & Jang, 2005), the differences of the group norm are pursuant from whether they are alternative, culture and specialties. As far as concerned, Marx and Weber both have interpret the same meaning related to enforcement in the organization. In the above discussion, Weber has conceptualized of authority on bureaucracy by the sense of legitimate power. Which is means bureaucracy and legitimate power are similar concept of management way for a organization. He also devised that there are possess and control towards the lower level subordinate by the top in the organization. Legitimate power used by some of the organization to regulated their employee. The organization structure and performance will be improve and also increase productivity. In a legitimate organization, the top management has the authority to control the lower ones. However, coercive power also same as the legitimate power use manage the hierarchy in an organization. Coercive power is suitable to use in industrial base organization to supervise the worker since there is â€Å"low trust† structure in the organization. Both of these powers are slightly similar to bureaucracy management that uses to dominate the lower level employees in an organization. For example, Just in Time system (JIT) able to improve behavior of the worker and power capacity. JIT is mainly use by industrial sector in Japan which is produce just in time for them to use. JIT is a simple production method for manufacturing. It is to produce and deliver the product at once it is finished to be sold which is also called just in time to be sold. Lastly, there is another power relate to hierarchy management from top to lower level. Social power as we know as internalization of an organization, it is a study of someone’s influential to individual through the process of socialization. Social power is much more important for the hierarchy management . This power would be need more skill and knowledge when use to apply on employees. Top management need to know how to influence the lower ones to change their mindset. The worker will perform better and efficacy when their mindset is just toward the organization. Total Quality Management (TQM), the system that use in many organization since 1980s. In this case study of TQM, they had question toward power that to be capability of individual or group. They research on the structure and inter-personal characteristics within the bank division and branches that under same organization. From analysis of this case study, the power relation not only apparent in social power but also in coercive and political power. In conclusion, the power that discuss above which use to improve hierarchy management and that able to develop the human behavior in the organization. Power is the major explanation to study if social society. The three powers that had discussed in the above paragraph include coercive, legitimate and social power. All of these powers have enough use to handle the hierarchy management in the organization. However, coercive and legitimate power is more toward impersonal and forces way of management. Top management can use social power to influence their employees to work and change their mind of thinking in term any affection in the organization.

Shakespeare Research Paper Topics and Ideas

Shakespeare Research Paper Topics and Ideas It is likely that you will need to write an essay or research paper about William Shakespeare at some point during your studying since the significance of his impact on literature is undoubted. It is also likely that youre going to face difficulties while reading Shakespeare’s creations because there is a centuries-gap between you; the spoken and literary language was way different back then, which makes it hard to comprehend. However, there are myriads of studies that explore almost every part of his writings and ought to help you complete your assignment. Nevertheless, it might be hard for you to pick the right topic to start with. In fact, you can write about any subject that you are interested in, be it racism, feminism, gender issues, literary or rhetorical devices, genres of literature, templates of stories and narration, symbolism, and many others, since Shakespeare’s creations include all issues mentioned above. While working on any of these topics, keep in mind that a research paper requires a thorough study of the subject and references to credible sources. Topics: 1. Shakespeare’s Environmental Imagery In his works, Shakespeare uses plenty of descriptive details, many of which convey an important message and are essential to the plot. For instance, in â€Å"A Midsummer Night’s Dream,† the imagery of the environment, particularly of the Moon, plays a vital role in building the story and dialogs between the characters. Try to find parts where a description of a surrounding is important to understanding a specific scene. 2. Shakespeare as the Subject of Gender Discourse Shakespeare’s works played a significant role in understanding the mentality of Renaissance society. The author is known for creating outstanding female characters and showing their conflicts with the culture they live in. Describe how important is the contribution of Shakespeare to the gender discourse, taking a particular work or works as examples. 3. Cross-Gender Interference Gender interference occurs when a character possesses both masculine and feminine qualities in verbal behavior. If you want to pick this topic for your research, then it is essential to consider existing gender language stereotypes. In your paper, you can focus on the character of Titania and the changes in her communicative behavior, which happen during the story. 4. Gender Roles Differentiation While the previous topic discusses the fusion of gender roles, gender differentiation implies that there is a strict division between the personalities of female and male characters. Your paper can examine the differentiation of gender roles of Demetrius and Helena from â€Å"A Midsummer Nights Dream.† Describe how their images correspond to the stereotypes of the Renaissance period. 5. The Danger of Gender The setting of â€Å"Othello† depicts women not only as man’s possession but also as the holders of their reputation. Woman’s infidelity was considered a shame for a man since it was equivalent to unacceptable disobedience and contrariness. Consider how has this fact led to the well-known ending of the â€Å"Othello† story, provide examples from the play. 6. The Theme of Marriage In â€Å"Othello,† Shakespeare depicted that unmarried daughters are no more than a property of their fathers. It is especially vivid on an example of Desdemona and her father Brabantio. During the story, when Desdemona secretly marries Othello, her father feels like he was robbed since his property was stolen. Thus, you can describe the mentality concerning marriage in â€Å"Othello,† and how it differs from the perception of your culture. 7. The Theme of Racism Racism is another controversial topic depicted in â€Å"Othello.† Brabantio perceived Desdemona’s and Othello’s union as something unnatural and resulted from witchcraft since from his old-fashioned point of view, interracial relationships are forbidden. In your research paper, you can examine these racial issues that were shown in â€Å"Othello,† and correlate them to past or modern realities. 8. The Theme of Feminism in â€Å"Othello† Although there are a few female characters in â€Å"Othello,† Shakespeare provides them with unique and sometimes even rebellious personalities. Give due attention to each of the female characters, describe their behavior and provide textual evidence. Try to discover which one of them resembles the image of a modern feminist. 9. Melodrama and Shakespeare Shakespeare’s creations had a significant impact on the development of the melodrama genre. For instance, the theme of forbidden but strong love between two people from fighting clans, families, or countries, which originally was shown in â€Å"Romeo and Juliet,† is recurring in the modern literature. Strive to notice such themes in literature or cinematography and compare it to Shakespeare’s text. 10. Tragedy in Shakespeare’s Plays Shakespeare’s works are famous for their unexpected and often tragic endings. In your paper, discuss the unique features of the Shakespearian tragedy that distinguishes it from other works of this genre. For this assignment, it is critically important to refer to works of credible researchers and provide textual pieces of evidence, citing them according to the required formatting style. 11. Comedy in Shakespeare’s Plays Not only do Shakespeare’s texts have bitter stories, but they also do not lack the humorous component. For instance, in â€Å"A Midsummer Nights Dream,† he jokingly refers to Queen Elizabeth I, also known as The Virgin Queen. Thus, a humorous component of his texts can concern even out-of-the-plot events. Try to examine and discuss such parts, and support your claims with pieces of evidence. 12. Historic Events in Shakespearean Literature In his creations, Shakespeare quite often refers to real historical events and uses them as a basis for a plot or simply as a character’s feature. For this topic, you should examine some of his famous works and make a thorough research of a chosen subject. 13. External Impact on Shakespeare Shakespeare’s works were influenced by the time in which the author lived and by events that occurred back then. For this assignment, it is important to attentively study the biography of the English playwright and research some corresponding academic literature. You can choose, for instance, to describe the impact of political events on Shakespeare’s oeuvre. 14. Revolution in Literature As one of the truly outstanding figures in world literature, Shakespeare made a significant contribution to its development. For this topic, you should examine how his works influenced, changed, or even revolutionized the situation in the literary world. Keep in mind, however, that your claims should be backed up with opinions of credible researchers. 15. Shakespeare’s Style of Writing Shakespeare was the founder of myriads of literary devices, which writers still use nowadays. For insistence, in contrast to his contemporaries, who used stock characters in their creations, Shakespeare focused on the depth of characters’ personalities, making them look real and controversial. You can build your research paper on describing similar literary devices and finding their equivalents in modern literature. 16. Recurring Themes in Shakespeare’s Sonnets There are over 150 sonnets created by Shakespeare, and many of them have recurring themes or main ideas. For this topic, you should pick several sonnets that you consider to be similar by poetic meaning, and try to defend your position, supporting it with scholarly sources. 17. Use of Rhetorical Devices The use of rhetoric devices defines the persuasiveness of a literary work and emotional reaction from it. Among the most used tools in Shakespearian literature are similes, metaphors, and parallelism. In your research paper, you can examine a rhetoric component of his work or works, and explain how efficiently or inefficiently it was implemented. 18. The Symbolism of Shakespearian Literature It is common to literature when one feature in the text (statement) actually represents something else, and many authors tend to implement abstract ideas in their writings. In your paper, try to track such symbolism in Shakespeare’s work or works. Explain how the understanding of this symbolism adds to the perception of the writing overall. 19. The Theme of Revenge Talking about Shakespeare, it is also necessary to mention â€Å"Hamlet,† one of his most famous and recognized creations. There are numerous researches focused on this writing, and you can just pick one of them and strive to add something new. For instance, you can examine the theme of revenge and hesitations of the main character, depicted in â€Å"Hamlet.† 20. Educational Value of Shakespeare’s Oeuvre Since Shakespearean literature is covered in curriculum of almost every educational institution, you can build your research paper on explaining the reasons of why Shakespeare’s works are either vital for education or overestimated. However, remember that this is not merely a reflection paper, which means that it also needs you to do research and refer opinions of scholars. Conclusion To sum up, William Shakespeare was a truly outstanding author since there are hundreds of thousands of studies devoted to his works and many more that are conducted now. With the help of the mentioned-above topics, your research paper can carry on this academic race, and maybe you will be the one to reveal something new about Shakespeare’s oeuvre.

Admiral John Jellicoe in World War I

Admiral John Jellicoe in World War I John Jellicoe - Early Life Career: Born December 5, 1859, John Jellicoe was the son of Captain John H. Jellicoe of the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company and his wife Lucy H. Jellicoe.   Initially educated at Field House School in Rottingdean, Jellicoe elected to pursue a career in the Royal Navy in 1872.   Appointed a cadet, he reported to the training ship HMS Britannia at Dartmouth.   After two years of naval schooling, in which he finished second in his class, Jellicoe was warranted as a midshipman and assigned to the steam frigate HMS Newcastle.   Spending three years aboard, Jellicoe continued to learn his trade as the frigate operated in the Atlantic, Indian, and western Pacific Oceans.   Ordered to the ironclad HMS Agincourt in July 1877, he saw service in the Mediterranean. The following year, Jellicoe passed his exam for sub-lieutenant placing third out of 103 candidates.   Ordered home, he attended the Royal Naval College and received high marks.   Returning to the Mediterranean, he transferred aboard the Mediterranean Fleets flagship, HMS Alexandra, in 1880 before receiving his promotion to lieutenant on September 23.   Moving back to Agincourt in February 1881, Jellicoe led a rifle company of the Naval Brigade at Ismailia during the 1882 Anglo-Egyptian War.   In mid-1882, he again departed to attend courses at the Royal Naval College.   Earning his qualifications as a gunnery officer, Jellicoe was appointed to the staff of the Gunnery School aboard HMS Excellent in May 1884.   While there, he became a favorite of the schools commander, Captain John Jackie Fisher.       John Jellicoe - A Rising Star: Serving on Fishers staff for a Baltic cruise in 1885, Jellicoe then had brief stints aboard HMS Monarch and HMS Colossus before returning to Excellent the following year to head the experimental department.   In 1889, he became assistant to the Director of Naval Ordnance, a post held at that time by Fisher, and aided in obtaining sufficient guns for the new ships being built for the fleet.   Returning to sea in 1893 with the rank of commander, Jellicoe sailed aboard HMS Sans Pareil in the Mediterranean before transferring to the fleets flagship HMS Victoria.   On June 22, 1893, he survived Victorias sinking after it accidentally collided with HMS Camperdown.   Recovering, Jellicoe served aboard HMS Ramillies before receiving a promotion to captain in 1897.    Appointed a member of the Admiraltys Ordnance Board, Jellicoe also became captain of the battleship HMS Centurion.   Serving in the Far East, he then left the ship to act as chief of staff to Vice Admiral Sir Edward Seymour when the latter led an international force against Beijing during the Boxer Rebellion.   On August 5, Jellicoe was severely wounded in the left lung during the Battle of Beicang.   Surprising his doctors, he survived and received an appointment as a Companion of the Order of the Bath and was awarded the German Order of the Red Eagle, 2nd class, with Crossed Swords for his exploits.   Arriving back in Britain in 1901, Jellicoe became Naval Assistant to the Third Naval Lord and Controller of the Navy before assuming command of HMS Drake on the North American and West Indies Station two years later. In January 1905, Jellicoe came ashore and served on the committee that designed HMS Dreadnought.   With Fisher holding the post of First Sea Lord, Jellicoe was appointed Director of Naval Ordnance.   With the launching of the revolutionary new ship, he was made a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order.   Elevated to rear admiral in February 1907, Jellicoe assumed a position as second-in-command of the Atlantic Fleet.   In this post for eighteen months, he then became Third Sea Lord.   Supporting Fisher, Jellicoe argued strenuously for expanding the Royal Navys fleet of dreadnought battleships as well as advocated for the construction of battlecruisers.   Returning to sea in 1910, he took command of the Atlantic Fleet and was promoted to vice admiral the following year.   In 1912, Jellicoe received an appointment as Second Sea Lord in charge of personnel and training. John Jellicoe - World War I: In this post for two years, Jellicoe then departed in July 1914 to act as second-in-command of the Home Fleet under Admiral Sir George Callaghan.   This assignment was made with the expectation that he would assume command of the fleet late that fall following Callaghans retirement.   With the beginning of World War I in August,  First Lord of the Admiralty Winston Churchill removed the older Callaghan, promoted Jellicoe to admiral and directed him to take command.   Angered by the treatment of Callaghan and concerned that his removal would lead to tension in the fleet, Jellicoe repeatedly attempted to turn down the promotion but to no avail.   Taking command of the newly-renamed Grand Fleet, he hoisted his flag aboard the battleship HMS Iron Duke.   As the battleships of the Grand Fleet were critical for protecting Britain, commanding the seas, and maintaining the blockade of Germany, Churchill commented that Jellicoe was the only man on either side who could lose the wa r in an afternoon. While the bulk of the Grand Fleet made its base at Scapa Flow in the Orkneys, Jellicoe directed Vice Admiral David Beattys 1st Battlecruiser Squadron to remain further south.   In late August, he ordered critical reinforcements to aid in concluding the victory at the Battle of Heligoland Bight and that December directed forces to attempt to trap Rear Admiral Franz von Hippers battlecruisers after they attacked Scarborough, Hartlepool, and Whitby.   Following Beattys victory at Dogger Bank in January 1915, Jellicoe began a waiting game as he sought an engagement with the battleships of  Vice Admiral Reinhard Scheers High Seas Fleet.   This finally occurred in late May 1916 when a clash between Beatty and von Hippers battlecruisers led the fleets to meet at the Battle of Jutland.   The largest and only major clash between dreadnought battleships in history, the battle proved inconclusive.   Though Jellicoe performed solidly and made no major mistakes, the British public was disappointed not to win a victory on the scale of Trafalgar.   Despite this, Jutland proved a strategic victory for the British as the German efforts failed to break the blockade or significantly reduce the Royal Navys numerical advantage in capital ships.   Additionally, the result led to the High Seas Fleet effectively remaining in port for the rest of the war as the Kaiserliche Marine shifted its focus to submarine warfare.   In November, Jellicoe turned the Grand Fleet over to Beatty and traveled south to assume the post of First Sea Lord.   The Royal Navys senior professional officer, this position saw him quickly tasked with combating Germanys return to unrestricted submarine warfare in February 1917. John Jellicoe - Later Career: Assessing the situation, Jellicoe and the Admiralty initially resisted adopting a convoy system for merchant vessels in the Atlantic due to a lack of suitable escort vessels and concerns that merchant mariners would be unable to keep station.   Studies that spring eased these concerns and Jellicoe approved plans for a convoy system on April 27.   As the year progressed, he became increasingly tired and pessimistic and fell afoul of Prime Minister David Lloyd George.   This was worsened by a lack of political skill and savvy.   Though Lloyd George desired to remove Jellicoe that summer, political considerations prevented this and action was further delayed in the fall due to the need to support Italy following the Battle of Caporetto.   Finally, on Christmas Eve, First Lord of the Admiralty Sir Eric Campbell Geddes dismissed Jellicoe.   This action enraged Jellicoes fellow sea lords all of whom threatened to resign.   Talked out this action by Jellicoe, he left his post. On March 7, 1918, Jellicoe was elevated to the peerage as Viscount Jellicoe of Scapa Flow.   Though he was proposed as Allied Supreme Naval Commander in the Mediterranean later that spring, nothing came it as the post was not created.   With the end of the war, Jellicoe received a promotion to admiral of the fleet on April 3, 1919.   Traveling extensively, he aided Canada, Australia, and New Zealand in developing their navies and correctly identified Japan as a future threat.   Appointed Governor-General of New Zealand in September 1920, Jellicoe held the post for four years.   Returning to Britain, he was further created  Earl Jellicoe and Viscount Brocas of Southampton in 1925.   Serving as president of the Royal British Legion from 1928 to 1932, Jellicoe died of pneumonia on November 20, 1935.   His remains were interred at St. Pauls Cathedral in London not far from those of Vice Admiral Lord Horatio Nelson. Selected Sources: BBC: John JellicoeFirst World War: John JellicoeHistory of War: John Jellicoe

Desired outcomes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Desired outcomes - Essay Example I am completely motivated and geared up to stop smoking, I remember I smoked for the very first time when I was young and I knew nothing about the damage which smoking could cause, I got to know about the damage only later on and I have been trying hard to quit but the temptation always lingers on and it is quite hard to stop it but this time around I am going to do it and I have already been quite successful. I do not even remember the last time that I smoked and this I think is really a big achievement for me and I am going to carry on and completely stop it because I have realized that it is really dangerous and can cause lung cancer, I have already seen enough pain and suffering in those videos. Those videos have been really useful and have motivated me to quit. Chewing gum has also helped me a ton, whenever I feel the urge to smoke I start chewing and this has been of great help to me, the urge to smoke goes away as soon as I pop it into my mouth and the urge to smoke instantly goes away. â€Å"Nicotine replacement therapies work by giving you a small amount of nicotine, but without the dangerous effects of inhaling tobacco smoke. This helps relieve the withdrawal symptoms and cravings for a cigarette that you get when you stop smoking, and allows you to get on with breaking the psychological habit of smoking. If you are physically addicted to nicotine, using NRT has been shown to almost double your chances of successfully quitting smoking.† (Nicorette Gum) This idea was first suggested to me by a good friend and I tried it and it works like a charm for me, the first time I tried it and I was very happy with the results and I knew this was going to save me, I have bought several gums to help me quit. These are a couple of ideas that have really helped me, discipline in life is really important and I have realized this very late but I am going to follow it till my last breath, I have also understood how difficult it is to give up on vices. Developing